Bolsonaro has been arrested after authorities concluded he posed a definite escape threat while under home confinement.
The former head of state was convicted of plotting a government overthrow in September and given more than a 27-year term in jail, but he remained under confinement pending court reviews.
Brazilian Supreme Court Justice the presiding justice said the action to imprison the 70-year-old politician was a precautionary step after "new facts" came to light.
This included trying to remove his ankle monitor and a invitation to a demonstration that could enable a potential flight.
In a document approving the arrest, the magistrate said data from the unit overseeing the former president's confinement suggested the one-time head of state's aim to disable the electronic ankle bracelet to guarantee victory in his flight.
This, it said, would be made easier by the chaos caused by the gathering called by his child.
His son, his son Flávio, who holds office as a congressional representative, called for a meeting of his backers near Bolsonaro's home to take place on Saturday evening.
His son wrote on online platforms on the previous day: Do you plan to struggle for your nation, or observe everything from your mobile device there on your couch? I invite you to struggle with us."
He said the vigil would be so supporters could offer prayers for his health and for the return of democracy in our country."
Part of Justice Moraes's decision was the chance of the former president's move to embassies near the home, considering that the investigations revealed a record of planning to seek refuge through a embassy office", a declaration said.
The court filing emphasizes that the US embassy in the federal district, the capital city, is situated around 8 miles from Bolsonaro's home.
Bolsonaro's legal woes have drawn the ire of fellow populist conservative American leader President Trump, leading him to enact a fifty percent tax on Brazilian product imports.
He is being kept in a federal law enforcement building in Brazil's capital city and will have a imprisonment assessment on Sunday.
It was only on the previous day that the ex-leader's attorneys asked the High Court to permit him to fulfill his full incarceration period under house arrest, with digital surveillance.
They also asked that Bolsonaro be allowed to depart his residence for medical care, saying he demanded ongoing care for respiratory ailments and other ailments.
He was convicted of leading a scheme aimed at maintaining his control after he failed to win the national vote to his political opponent, President Lula.
High Court judges said that he had knowledge of a scheme which involved plans to murder the current president and his vice-presidential running mate, Geraldo Alckmin, and to imprison and murder Justice Moraes - the Supreme Court justice who has been overseeing Bolsonaro's trial.
The scheme was stopped because it failed to get the support of the armed forces officials. His successor was inaugurated without issue on the first day of 2023.
But a week later, on 8 January, many his followers attacked and damaged official structures in the federal district, Brazil's capital.
The law enforcement intervened and around 1,500 people were arrested.
The magistrates found that the rioters had been provoked by Bolsonaro whose plan, they said, was for the national armed forces to take action, reestablish control and bring him back to power.
At the time, the legal team called the over 27-year sentence "absurdly excessive.
He was also prohibited from running for public office until the year 2060 - a decade minus two years after the conclusion of his imprisonment.
The former president called the legal proceedings a targeted investigation" and said it was aimed at blocking him participating in the next presidential race.
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